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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izvkgtu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия КГТУ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>KSTU News</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-3071</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Калининградский государственный технический университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46845/1997-3071-2024-73-111-124</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izvkgtu-109</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СУДОСТРОЕНИЕ, МАШИНОСТРОЕНИЕ И ЭНЕРГЕТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SHIPBUILDING, MACHINE MANUFACTURING AND POWER ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Перспективы использования жесткого поливинилхлорида в малотоннажном судостроении</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prospects for the use of rigid polyvinyl chloride in small-tonnage shipbuilding</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0828-5990</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романюта</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanyuta</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Александрович Романюта, главный конструктор конструкторского бюро Научно-исследовательского центра судостроения, аспирант кафедры судостроения, судоремонта и морской техники</p><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy A. Romanyuta, chief designer of the design bureau of the shipbuilding research center, graduate student of the department of Shipbuilding, ship repair and marine technology</p><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmitrij.romanyuta@klgtu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Калининградский государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kaliningrad State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>73</issue><fpage>111</fpage><lpage>124</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Романюта Д.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Романюта Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Romanyuta D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.klgtu.ru/jour/article/view/109">https://journal.klgtu.ru/jour/article/view/109</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе исследуется вопрос возможности применения жесткого поливинилхлорида (ПВХ) в качестве основного материала корпусов малотоннажных судов. Представлена статистика применения материалов корпусов маломерных судов. На 2019 г. в России количество судов, изготовленных из полимерных материалов, не превышало 9 %. Из полимерных материалов подробно рассмотрено применение полиэтилена низкого давления (ПНД) и ПВХ. Приведены основные отечественные организации, занимающиеся проектированием и постройкой судов из ПНД, а также примеры их работ. Выполнено сравнение физико-механических характеристик ПНД и жесткого ПВХ. На основании сравнительного анализа показано, что жесткий поливинилхлорид, с точки зрения физико-механических характеристик, во многом лучше, чем полиэтилен низкого давления. Выделены характеристики и свойства жесткого поливинилхлорида, ограничивающие его использование в качестве основного материала корпуса судна. Проведено сравнительное исследование ползучести образцов из жесткого ПВХ и ПНД. Испытания проводились при усилиях, соответствующих растягивающим напряжениям 5–15 МПа. Каждый образец испытывался на протяжении 2 часов. При выбранных расчетных значениях напряжений образцы из ПНД показали ярко выраженную ползучесть в отличие от образцов из жесткого ПВХ. Отмечено, что кривая ползучести образцов из полиэтилена низкого давления имеет ярко выраженную ступенчатую форму. Представлены примеры способов, позволяющих уменьшить токсичность при горении и улучшить сопротивляемость ползучести, устойчивость к ультрафиолетовому излучению (фотодеструкцию), ударную прочность и морозостойкость жесткого ПВХ, чтобы расширить возможность применения материала в качестве основного в корпусах малотоннажных судов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper studies the application of rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as the main material of hulls of small vessels. The paper presents the statistics of application of materials of hulls of small vessels. As of 2019, the number of vessels made of polymeric materials in Russia did not exceed 9%. Out of all polymeric materials, the paper considers in detail application of low-pressure polyethylene (LDPE) and PVC is considered. The main domestic organizations engaged in design and construction of HDPE vessels and examples of their works are given. Physical and mechanical charateristics of HDPE and rigid PVC are compared. On the basis of comparative analysis it is shown that rigid PVC is better than low-pressure polyethylene in many respects from the point of view of physical and mechanical characteristics. The characteristics and properties of rigid polyvinylchloride, limiting its use as the main material of the ship hull, are highlighted. A comparative study of creep behavior of rigid PVC and HDPE specimens has been carried out. The tests have been carried out at forces corresponding to tensile stresses of 5–15 MPa. Each sample has been tested for 2 hours. At the selected design stress values, the HDPE specimens showed pronounced creep, in contrast to the rigid PVC specimens. It has been noted that the creep curve of low-pressure polyethylene samples has a pronounced step form. Examples of methods to reduce toxicity in combustion and improve resistance are presented.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ПНД</kwd><kwd>жесткий ПВХ</kwd><kwd>ползучесть</kwd><kwd>сравнение характеристик</kwd><kwd>полимерные материалы</kwd><kwd>физико-механические характеристики</kwd><kwd>испытания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HDPE</kwd><kwd>rigid PVC</kwd><kwd>creep</kwd><kwd>performance comparison</kwd><kwd>polymeric materials</kwd><kwd>physical-mechanical characteristics</kwd><kwd>tests</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">автор выражает благодарность компании ООО «Калининградский композитный завод» за предоставление материалов для испытаний</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the author expresses gratitude to the company LLC "Kaliningrad Composite Plant" for providing materials for testing</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анализ рынка маломерных моторных судов. 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