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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izvkgtu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия КГТУ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>KSTU News</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-3071</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Калининградский государственный технический университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46845/1997-3071-2024-72-70-80</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izvkgtu-58</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕХНИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ПИЩЕВЫХ ПРОИЗВОДСТВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGY OF FOOD MANUFACTURING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Разработка способа получения пищевой добавки на основе нерестовой чешуи салаки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development of a method for producing a food additive based on spawning scales of Baltic herring</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8209-7851</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьев</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorob’ev</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктор Иванович Воробьев, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры химии </p><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor I. Vorob’ev, PhD in Engineering, Associate Professor of the Department of Chemistry </p><p>Kaliningrad </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">viktor.vorobev@klgtu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4150-2731</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернега</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernega</surname><given-names>O. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Павловна Чернега, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры технологии продуктов питания </p><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ol’ga P. Chernega, PhD in Engineering, Associate Professor of the Department of Food Products Technology</p><p>Kaliningrad </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga.chernega@klgtu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2209-7937</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нижникова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nizhnikova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Владимировна Нижникова, кандидат биологических наук, доцент кафедры химии</p><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Nizhnikova, PhD in Biology, Associate Professor of the Department of Chemistry</p><p>Kaliningrad </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena.nizhnikova@klgtu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Калининградский государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kaliningrad State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>72</issue><fpage>70</fpage><lpage>80</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Воробьев В.И., Чернега О.П., Нижникова Е.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Воробьев В.И., Чернега О.П., Нижникова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vorob’ev V.I., Chernega O.P., Nizhnikova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.klgtu.ru/jour/article/view/58">https://journal.klgtu.ru/jour/article/view/58</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследование направлено на разработку экономически приемлемого способа, позволяющего вовлечь практически неиспользуемый побочный продукт переработки нерестовой салаки, чешую с прочно прикрепленной к ней икрой в промышленное производство пищевых добавок. Определены общий химический состав высушенной нерестовой чешуи салаки (белок – 67,89 %, зола – 19,08 %, жир – 0,14 %, влага – 12,10 %), а также очищенной от икры чешуи (белок – 38,01 %, зола – 48,27 %, жир – 0,20 %, влага –12,90 %). Выявлено, что процесс высушивания нерестовой чешуи салаки горячим воздухом сопровождается образованием комков, которые необходимо постоянно измельчать. Последующее измельчение ножевой мельницей полученного высушенного продукта приводит к быстрому образованию монолитной пластичной массы и остановке оборудования. С целью оптимизации процесса сушки и последующего измельчения предложено перед обработкой смешивать нерестовую чешую салаки с растительным сырьем (дробленой пшеницей) в массовом соотношении 30:70, что способствует предотвращению образования комков и сокращает продолжительность процесса обезвоживания, а также позволяет измельчить высушенную смесь до состояния муки, имеющей незначительную крупитчатость. Полученный продукт в виде муки был использован в качестве панировочной смеси для кулинарных полуфабрикатов (охлажденного филе окуня и трески, морковных и мясных котлет, творожников) перед их термообработкой. Представлено изменение массы опытных и контрольных (панировка пшеничной мукой) образцов кулинарных изделий до и после их обжарки в масле. Показано, что панировочная смесь, состоящая из нерестовой чешуи салаки и пшеницы, улучшает органолептические показатели качества и снижает потери массы кулинарных полуфабрикатов в процессе их обжарки по сравнению с контролем.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The research is aimed at developing an economically acceptable way to involve a practically unused by-product of the processing of spawning Baltic herring, scales with its caviar firmly attached to it, into the industrial production of food additives. The general chemical composition of dried herring spawning scales has been determined (protein – 67.89%, ash – 19.08%, fat – 0.14%, moisture – 12.10%), as well as its scales cleaned from caviar (protein – 38 .01%, ash – 48.27%, fat – 0.20%, moisture – 12.90%). It has been revealed that the process of drying (hot air) of herring spawning scales is accompanied by the formation of lumps, which must be constantly crushed. Subsequent grinding (knife mill) of the resulting dried product leads to the rapid formation of a monolithic plastic mass and stopping the equipment. In order to optimize the drying process and subsequent grinding, it has been proposed to mix the spawning scales of herring with plant raw materials (crushed wheat) in a mass ratio of 30:70 before processing, which helps prevent the formation of lumps and reduces the duration of the dehydration process, and also allows Grind the dried mixture to a slightly coarse flour. The resulting product, in the form of flour, has been used as a breading mixture for semi-finished culinary products (chilled perch and cod fillets, carrot and meat cutlets, cottage cheese) before their heat treatment. The paper presents changes in mass of experimental and control (breaded with wheat flour) samples of culinary products before and after frying in oil. It has been shown that a breading mixture consisting of spawning scales of herring and wheat improves organoleptic quality indicators and reduces weight loss of culinary semi-finished products during frying compared to the control.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рыбья чешуя</kwd><kwd>пищевая добавка</kwd><kwd>икра салаки</kwd><kwd>панировочная смесь</kwd><kwd>кулинарные полуфабрикаты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fish scales</kwd><kwd>food additive</kwd><kwd>herring caviar</kwd><kwd>breading mixture</kwd><kwd>culinary semi-finished products</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование осуществлялось в рамках проекта Федерального агентства по рыболовству (Министерство сельского хозяйства Российской Федерации) с рег. № 122030900086-1 от 09.03.2022, код 01-32-05-1 «Развитие и совершенствование производственных систем пищевой промышленности».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out within the framework of the project of the Federal Agency for Fishery (Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation) with reg. № 122030900086-1 from 03.09.2022, code 01-32-05-1 "Development and improvement of production systems of food industry".</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scientific Advice states that Baltic Sea herring stocks are below safe levels. 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