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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izvkgtu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия КГТУ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>KSTU News</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-3071</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Калининградский государственный технический университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46845/1997-3071-2023-70-115-132</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izvkgtu-71</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕХНИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ПИЩЕВЫХ ПРОИЗВОДСТВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGY OF FOOD MANUFACTURING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование процесса ферментации регионального косточкового плодового сырья (сливы) для расширения ассортимента продукции общественного питания</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of the fermentation process of regional stone fruit raw materials (plums) to expand the range of catering products</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4150-2731</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернега</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernega</surname><given-names>O. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Павловна Чернега - кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры технологии продуктов питания</p><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ol’ga P. Chernega - PhD in Engineering, Associate Professor of the Department of Food Products Technology</p><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga.chernega@klgtu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7197-0287</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казимирченко</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazimirchenko</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оксана Владимировна Казимирченко - кандидат биологических наук, доцент кафедры водных биоресурсов и аквакультуры</p><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana V. Kazimirchenko - PhD in Biological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Aquatic Bioresources and Aquaculture</p><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oksana.kazimirchenko@klgtu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7909-7754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костенко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Александровна Костенко - бакалавр кафедры технологии продуктов питания</p><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Kostenko - Bachelor student at the Department of Food Products Technology</p><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anna.kostenko01@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Калининградский государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kaliningrad State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>70</issue><fpage>115</fpage><lpage>132</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чернега О.П., Казимирченко О.В., Костенко А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чернега О.П., Казимирченко О.В., Костенко А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chernega O.P., Kazimirchenko O.V., Kostenko A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.klgtu.ru/jour/article/view/71">https://journal.klgtu.ru/jour/article/view/71</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлены результаты изучения процесса ферментации сливы, относящейся к региональному косточковому плодовому сырью. Проведен микробиологический анализ свежих слив по определению количественного и качественного состава исходной микрофлоры, играющей главную роль в процессе ферментации. Установлено, что основной микрофлорой свежих слив являются кокковые и палочковидные бактерии молочнокислого брожения. Изложена технология ферментации слив, осуществляемая самопроизвольным брожением без добавления рассола и внесения заквасочных культур микроорганизмов. Показаны результаты различных способов ферментации слив (в присутствии кислорода и без него). Выявлено, что бескислородная среда способствует размножению молочнокислых стрептококков и лактобацилл, отмечено снижение рН готового продукта до 3,18. Низкое значение рН позволило получить безопасный продукт с длительным сроком хранения, при этом лактоферментированная слива приобретала новые органолептические свойства – более яркий цвет, индивидуальный и неповторимый вкус, изменение текстуры. Показаны количественные и качественные изменения микрофлоры в процессе ферментации различными способами в течение 7 суток. Подтверждена микробиологическая безопасность исследуемых образцов лактоферментированной сливы. Образцы отличались стойкостью при хранении и микробиологической стабильностью в отношении санитарнопоказательных бактерий кишечной группы и микробов порчи. На основе лактоферментированной сливы были получены следующие продукты: мякоть, сок, порошок (пудра) из кожуры плодов. Исследована их общая бактериальная обсемененность и состав микрофлоры. Обозначены и показаны пути практического применения разработанной продукции (в качестве закуски, гарнира к мясу, птице и рыбе, приправы для салатов, соуса к морепродуктам, ингредиентов для десерта).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents the results of studying the process of plum fermentation, which belongs to the regional stone fruit raw material. A microbiological analysis of fresh plums was carried out to establish the quantitative and qualitative composition of the initial microflora, which plays a major role in the fermentation process. It has been established that the main composition of the microflora of fresh plums is coccal and rod-shaped bacteria of lactic acid fermentation. The technology of fermentation of plums, carried out by spontaneous fermentation without the addition of brine from the previous fermentation and without the introduction of starter cultures of microorganisms, is described. The results of various plum fermentation methods (in the presence of oxygen and without it) are shown. It was revealed that an oxygen-free environment promotes the reproduction of anaerobic lactic acid bacteria, lactobacilli convert sugar into lactic acid, the pH of the finished product decreases to 3.18, a low pH value contributes to obtaining a safe product with a long shelf life. At the same time, the lacto-fermented plum acquires new organoleptic properties – a brighter color, an individual and unique taste, sourness and a new depth appear, the texture changes. Showing quantitative and qualitative changes in the microflora during fermentation (7 marmots) in various ways. The microbiological safety of the studied samples of lacto-fermented plum was confirmed. They differed in storage stability and microbiological stability in relation to sanitary indicative bacteria of the intestinal group and spoilage microbes. On the basis of lacto-fermented plums, the following products were obtained: pulp, juice, powder (powder) from the peel of the fruit. Their total bacterial contamination and composition of microflora were studied. The ways of practical application of the developed products are indicated and shown: as an appetizer, garnish for meat, poultry and fish, salad dressing, sauce for seafood, ingredients for dessert.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>слива</kwd><kwd>ферментация</kwd><kwd>лактоферментированная слива</kwd><kwd>молочнокислые бактерии</kwd><kwd>органолептические и микробиологические показатели</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>plum</kwd><kwd>fermentation</kwd><kwd>lacto-fermented plum</kwd><kwd>organoleptic and microbiological indicators</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Birwal P., Deshmukh G., Saurabh S. P. et al. Plums: a brief introduction // J. Food Nutr Popul Health, 2017. 1:1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Birwal P., Deshmukh G., Saurabh S.P. et al. Plums: a brief introduction. J. 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