izvkgtuИзвестия КГТУKSTU News1997-3071Калининградский государственный технический университет10.46845/1997-3071-2023-71-131-144izvkgtu-77Research ArticleСУДОСТРОЕНИЕ, МАШИНОСТРОЕНИЕ И ЭНЕРГЕТИКАSHIPBUILDING, MACHINE MANUFACTURING AND POWER ENGINEERINGАнализ судовых моторных масел с помощью релаксации диэлектрической проницаемостиAnalysis of marine motor oils using dielectric permittivity relaxationhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-3149-0345СынашенкоО. В.SynashenkoO. V.

Оксана Владимировна Сынашенко, кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент

кафедра физики

Калининград

Oksana V. Synashenko, PhD in Physical and Mathematical sciences, Associate Professor

Department of Physics

Kaliningrad

oksanasynashenko@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1285-206XСинявскийН. Я.SinyavskiyN. Ya.

Николай Яковлевич Синявский, доктор физико-математических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой

кафедра физики

Калининград

Nikolay Ya. Sinyavskiy, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical sciences, Professor, Head of the Department

Department of Physics

Kaliningrad

nikolaj.sinyavskij@klgtu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2969-0346КостриковаН. А.KostrikovaN. A.

Наталья Анатольевна Кострикова, кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент, проректор по научной работе

Калининград

Natal’ya A. Kostrikova, PhD in Physical and Mathematical sciences, Associate Professor, Vice-rector for Research

Kaliningrad

natalia.kostrikova@klgtu.ruКалининградский государственный технический университетРоссияKaliningrad State Technical UniversityRussian Federation202319032025071131144Copyright © Сынашенко О.В., Синявский Н.Я., Кострикова Н.А., 20252025Сынашенко О.В., Синявский Н.Я., Кострикова Н.А.Synashenko O.V., Sinyavskiy N.Y., Kostrikova N.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.klgtu.ru/jour/article/view/77

   В процессе эксплуатации судового моторного масла происходит его старение, основными факторами которого являются окислительная высокотемпературная деградация и загрязнение сажей, металлами износа, топливом, водой и охлаждающей жидкостью. В работе методом релаксационной диэлектрической спектроскопии исследован ряд отработанных судовых масел для определения их характеристик, связанных с деградацией смазочного материала и износом двигателя. Для судовых масел Total Disola M4015, Shell Rimula, Mobil 5W40, Mobil 10W40, Navigo TPEO 12/40 экспериментально получены зависимости относительной диэлектрической проницаемости и тангенса угла потерь от частоты. Диэлектрическая проницаемость судовых моторных масел находится в пределах от 2,1 до 2,4 и зависит от вязкости, плотности масла, содержания в нем парафиновых, нафтеновых и ароматических соединений и пакета присадок. Увеличение содержания присадок повышает диэлектрическую проницаемость масла. Авторами исследована связь времен дипольной релаксации свежих и отработанных масел с кинематической вязкостью, с содержанием присадок и продуктов износа. Искомый массив распределения времен релаксации рассчитывался посредством регуляризации и метода наименьших квадратов с помощью алгоритма CONTIN. Вычисления проводились в программе RILT, работающей в среде MatLab. Показано, что поляризация и последующая дипольная релаксация вызываются молекулами присадок, которые срабатывают в процессе эксплуатации двигателя. Различия во временах релаксации могут быть вызваны также образованием ассоциаций, включающих дипольные молекулы. Данные, полученные в работе, могут быть использованы в дальнейшем для построения экспертной системы диагностики двигателя и определения параметров неизвестных масел.

   During exploitation of marine engine oil, its aging occurs, the main factors of which are oxidative high-temperature degradation and contamination with soot, wear metals, fuel, water and coolant. In this work, a number of used marine oils have been studied by relaxation dielectric spectroscopy to determine their characteristics associated with lubricant degradation and engine wear. For marine oils Total DISOLA M4015, Shell Rimula, Mobil 5W40, Mobil 10W40, Navigo TPEO 12/40, the dependences of the relative permittivity and the tangent of the loss angle on frequency have been experimentally obtained. The dielectric constant of marine motor oils ranges from 2.1 to 2.4 and depends on the viscosity, density of the oil, the content of paraffin, naphthenic and aromatic compounds in it and the additive package. An increase in the additive content increases the dielectric constant of the oil. The authors investigated the relationship of the dipole relaxation times of fresh and used oils with kinematic viscosity, with the content of additives and wear products. The desired array of relaxation time distributions has been calculated by regularization and the least squares method using the CONTIN algorithm. The calculations have been carried out in the RILT program running in the MatLab environment. It has been shown that polarization and subsequent dipole relaxation are caused by additive molecules that are triggered during engine operation. Differences in relaxation times can also be caused by the formation of associations involving dipole molecules. The data obtained in the work can be used in the future to build an expert engine diagnostics system and to determine the parameters of unknown oils.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.